San Diego's usually sunny days were clouded by a new record on Monday – the "wettest day in January history," as officials declared the widespread flooding it caused revealed a "fragile state" in the city's infrastructure. 

The National Weather Service said that the Southern California city – the state's second most populous – saw 2.73 inches of rain on Monday, beating the previous record for the wettest January day that was set on Jan. 31, 1979. That same day now ranks fourth among the most rain recorded in a single day in 174 years of record-keeping history in the city. 

The most rain ever recorded in a single day in San Diego was 3.34 inches in December 1854. 

The National Weather Service described the rainfall with a single word – "." 

While there were "a few isolated showers" in the morning, the service's local station said that Tuesday "is looking much, much quieter." Most rain in the area was expected to be done by late morning, "with some showers lingering in the mountains through the afternoon." 

Hundreds of miles across California were impacted by Monday's weather systems, with parts of Southern California seeing rare widespread flash flooding. 

CBS News correspondent Jonathan Vigliotti said that the rain fell so quickly in San Diego, that it turned roads into "raging rivers powerful enough to lift entire cars." The fire department told Vigliotti that hundreds of people had to be rescued – in some cases, with boats. 

"The highest part of our house was our kitchen island," one local resident told Vigliotti, "and that's where we were sitting on top of until we were able to get out safely." 

San Diego Mayor Todd Gloria has for the city, saying in his proclamation that the storm system threatened "conditions of disaster and extreme peril to the safety of persons and property." The city's Stormwater Department said the widespread flooding seen across San Diego "is what happens when heavy rainfall overwhelms an aging stormwater system with limited capacity." 

"Monday's record rainfall revealed the fragile state of the City's stormwater infrastructure and the need for significant investments going forward to prevent the current situation from becoming the new normal for San Diego," the city said in a release on Tuesday. "Prior to the storm, the City had several hundred employees out in the field clearing storm drains and doing other prep work to help reduce flood risk citywide."

Extreme precipitation events are expected to become more frequent as global temperatures continue to increase. As explained by the , warmer air temperatures contribute to warmer ocean temperatures, thereby increasing the amount of water that evaporates into the atmosphere. 

"When more moisture-laden air moves over land or converges into a storm system, it can produce more intense precipitation—for example, heavier rain and snow storms," the EPA says. "The potential impacts of heavy precipitation include crop damage, soil erosion, and an increase in flood risk due to heavy rains —which in turn can lead to injuries, drownings, and other flooding-related effects on health."

Jonathan Vigliotti contributed to this report.